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Protein Crosslinkers & Protein Crosslinking Reagents

Protein Crosslinkers

Protein crosslinkers are chemical compounds used to covalently bind, or conjugate, biomolecules together. In proteomics, "protein crosslinking" refers to utilizing protein crosslinkers to conjugate peptides or proteins together or to immobilize proteins to a solid support.

Protein crosslinking agents possess reactive moieties specific to various functional groups (sulfhydryls, amines, carbohydrates, etc.) on proteins, peptides, or other molecular complexes. The atoms separating a crosslinker reagent’s reactive groups, and eventually the conjugated proteins, form the “spacer arm”. A zero-length crosslinker refers to protein crosslinkers that join two molecules without adding additional spacer arm atoms. Homobifunctional crosslinker reagents have the same reactive group on both ends of the spacer arm (i.e., Amine Reactive-Amine Reactive); while heterobifunctional crosslinkers have different reactive groups on each end of a spacer arm (i.e., Sulfhydryl Reactive-Amine Reactive).

Why use protein crosslinkers?

Protein crosslinking has become an important tool for the preparation of bioconjugates used in immunoassays, isotope labeled crosslinkers are used for probing protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry, as well as other creative crosslinking methodologies that include:

· Determining protein structure or spatial orientation of a protein
· Studying protein-protein interactions
· Forming carrier protein-hapten conjugates
· Producing antibody-protein crosslinked conjugates
· Covalently crosslinking proteins to a solid surface
· Creating antibody-enzyme or fluorophore-peptides conjugates
· Analyzing enzyme activity and protein degradation


Don't let reagent costs pierce your crosslinker budget. ProteoChem manufactures ultrapure, world-class crosslinkers at an exceptional value. We guarantee our protein crosslinking reagents to work in your proteomics research and stand behind our products.

Heterobifunctional Crosslinker Selection Guide
Crosslinker
Acronym
Spacer Arm
Length
M.W. Reactivity Cleavable
By
Membrane
Permeable
Water
Soluble
ANB-NOS 7.7 Å 305.2 -NH2 ;
-NH2, -C=C-, -CH, -NH
- Yes No
BMPS 5.9 Å 266.2 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
EMCS 9.4 Å 308.3 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
GMBS 7.3 Å 280.2 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
LC-SPDP 15.7 Å 425.5 -NH2 ; -SH2 Thiols Yes No
MBS 7.3 Å 314.3 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
PDPH 9.2 Å 229.3 -SH2;-CHO Thiols Yes Yes
SBA 1.5 Å 236.0 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
SIA 1.5 Å 283.0 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
Sulfo-SIA 1.5 Å 385.1 -NH2 ; -SH2 - No Yes
SMCC 8.3 Å 334.3 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
SMPB 11.6 Å 356.3 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
SMPH 14.3 Å 379.4 -NH2 ; -SH2 - Yes No
SPDP 6.8 Å 312.4 -NH2 ; -SH2 Thiols Yes No
Sulfo-LC-SPDP 15.7 Å 527.6 -NH2 ; -SH2 Thiols No Yes
Sulfo-MBS 7.3 Å 416.3 -NH2 ; -SH2 - No Yes
Sulfo-SANPAH 18.2 Å 492.4 -NH2 ;
-NH2, -C=C-, -CH, -NH
- No Yes
Sulfo-SMCC 8.3 Å 436.4 -NH2 ; -SH2 - No Yes

Homobifunctional Crosslinker Selection Guide
Crosslinker
Acronym
Spacer Arm
Length
M.W. Reactivity Cleavable
By
Membrane
Permeable
Water
Soluble
BS2G 7.7 Å 530.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 - No Yes
BS3 11.4 Å 572.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 - No Yes
DSG 7.7 Å 326.3 -NH2 ; -NH2 - Yes No
DSP 12.0 Å 404.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 Thiols Yes No
DSS 11.4 Å 368.3 -NH2 ; -NH2 - Yes No
DSSeb 14.1 Å 396.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 - Yes No
DST 6.4 Å 344.2 -NH2 ; -NH2 Periodate Yes Yes
DTSSP 12.0 Å 608.5 -NH2 ; -NH2 Thiols No Yes
EGS 16.1 Å 456.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 Hydroxylamine Yes No
Sulfo-EGS 16.1 Å 660.5 -NH2 ; -NH2 Hydroxylamine No Yes

Zero-length Crosslinker Selection Guide
Crosslinker
Acronym
Spacer Arm
Length
M.W. Reactivity Cleavable
By
Membrane
Permeable
Water
Soluble
CDI 0.0 Å 162.2 -NH2 ; -COOH - n/a *reacts
DCC 0.0 Å 206.3 -NH2 ; -COOH - Yes No
EDC-HCl 0.0 Å 191.7 -NH2 ; -COOH - No Yes
NHS 0.0 Å 115.1 -NH2 ; -COOH - Yes No
Sulfo-NHS 0.0 Å 217.1 -NH2 ; -COOH - No Yes

Deuterated Crosslinker Selection Guide
Crosslinker
Acronym
Spacer Arm
Length
M.W. Reactivity Cleavable
By
Membrane
Permeable
Water
Soluble
BS2G-d4 7.7 Å 534.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 - No Yes
BS3-d4 11.4 Å 576.5 -NH2 ; -NH2 - No Yes
DSG-d4 7.7 Å 330.3 -NH2 ; -NH2 - Yes No
DSP-d8 12.0 Å 412.5 -NH2 ; -NH2 Thiols Yes No
DSS-d4 11.4 Å 372.4 -NH2 ; -NH2 - Yes No

Please click on the following links to browse the complete list of protein crosslinking products offered in each category:

Heterobifunctional Crosslinkers
Heterobifunctional Crosslinkers
Homobifunctional Crosslinkers
Homobifunctional Crosslinkers
Zero-Length Crosslinkers
Zero-Length Crosslinkers
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