Protein Crosslinkers & Protein Crosslinking Reagents

Protein crosslinkers are chemical compounds used to covalently bind, or conjugate, biomolecules together. In proteomics, "protein crosslinking" refers to utilizing protein crosslinkers to conjugate peptides or proteins together or to immobilize proteins to a solid support.

Protein crosslinking agents possess reactive moieties specific to various functional groups (sulfhydryls, amines, carbohydrates, etc.) on proteins, peptides, or other molecular complexes. The atoms separating a crosslinker reagent’s reactive groups, and eventually the conjugated proteins, form the “spacer arm”. A zero-length crosslinker refers to protein crosslinkers that join two molecules without adding additional spacer arm atoms. Homobifunctional crosslinker reagents have the same reactive group on both ends of the spacer arm (i.e., Amine Reactive-Amine Reactive); while heterobifunctional crosslinkers have different reactive groups on each end of a spacer arm (i.e., Sulfhydryl Reactive-Amine Reactive).

Why use protein crosslinkers?

Protein crosslinking has become an important tool for the preparation of bioconjugates used in immunoassays, isotope labeled crosslinkers are used for probing protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry, as well as other creative crosslinking methodologies that include:

· Determining protein structure or spatial orientation of a protein
· Studying protein-protein interactions
· Forming carrier protein-hapten conjugates
· Producing antibody-protein crosslinked conjugates
· Covalently crosslinking proteins to a solid surface
· Creating antibody-enzyme or fluorophore-peptides conjugates
· Analyzing enzyme activity and protein degradation

Don't let reagent costs pierce your crosslinker budget. ProteoChem manufactures ultrapure, world-class crosslinkers at an exceptional value. We guarantee our protein crosslinking reagents to work in your proteomics research and stand behind our products.

Heterobifunctional Crosslinker Selection Guide

Crosslinker Acronym	Spacer Arm Length	M.W.	Reactivity	Cleavable By	Membrane Permeable	Water Soluble
ANB-NOS	7.7 Å	305.2	-NH2 ; -NH2, -C=C-, -CH, -NH	-	Yes	No
BMPS	5.9 Å	266.2	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
EMCS	9.4 Å	308.3	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
GMBS	7.3 Å	280.2	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
LC-SPDP	15.7 Å	425.5	-NH2 ; -SH2	Thiols	Yes	No
MBS	7.3 Å	314.3	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
PDPH	9.2 Å	229.3	-SH2;-CHO	Thiols	Yes	Yes
SBA	1.5 Å	236.0	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
SIA	1.5 Å	283.0	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
Sulfo-SIA	1.5 Å	385.1	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	No	Yes
SMCC	8.3 Å	334.3	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
SMPB	11.6 Å	356.3	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
SMPH	14.3 Å	379.4	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	Yes	No
SPDP	6.8 Å	312.4	-NH2 ; -SH2	Thiols	Yes	No
Sulfo-LC-SPDP	15.7 Å	527.6	-NH2 ; -SH2	Thiols	No	Yes
Sulfo-MBS	7.3 Å	416.3	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	No	Yes
Sulfo-SANPAH	18.2 Å	492.4	-NH2 ; -NH2, -C=C-, -CH, -NH	-	No	Yes
Sulfo-SMCC	8.3 Å	436.4	-NH2 ; -SH2	-	No	Yes

Homobifunctional Crosslinker Selection Guide

Crosslinker Acronym	Spacer Arm Length	M.W.	Reactivity	Cleavable By	Membrane Permeable	Water Soluble
BS2G	7.7 Å	530.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	No	Yes
BS3	11.4 Å	572.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	No	Yes
DSG	7.7 Å	326.3	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	Yes	No
DSP	12.0 Å	404.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	Thiols	Yes	No
DSS	11.4 Å	368.3	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	Yes	No
DSSeb	14.1 Å	396.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	Yes	No
DST	6.4 Å	344.2	-NH2 ; -NH2	Periodate	Yes	Yes
DTSSP	12.0 Å	608.5	-NH2 ; -NH2	Thiols	No	Yes
EGS	16.1 Å	456.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	Hydroxylamine	Yes	No
Sulfo-EGS	16.1 Å	660.5	-NH2 ; -NH2	Hydroxylamine	No	Yes

Zero-length Crosslinker Selection Guide

Crosslinker Acronym	Spacer Arm Length	M.W.	Reactivity	Cleavable By	Membrane Permeable	Water Soluble
CDI	0.0 Å	162.2	-NH2 ; -COOH	-	n/a	*reacts
DCC	0.0 Å	206.3	-NH2 ; -COOH	-	Yes	No
EDC-HCl	0.0 Å	191.7	-NH2 ; -COOH	-	No	Yes
NHS	0.0 Å	115.1	-NH2 ; -COOH	-	Yes	No
Sulfo-NHS	0.0 Å	217.1	-NH2 ; -COOH	-	No	Yes

Deuterated Crosslinker Selection Guide

Crosslinker Acronym	Spacer Arm Length	M.W.	Reactivity	Cleavable By	Membrane Permeable	Water Soluble
BS2G-d4	7.7 Å	534.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	No	Yes
BS3-d4	11.4 Å	576.5	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	No	Yes
DSG-d4	7.7 Å	330.3	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	Yes	No
DSP-d8	12.0 Å	412.5	-NH2 ; -NH2	Thiols	Yes	No
DSS-d4	11.4 Å	372.4	-NH2 ; -NH2	-	Yes	No

Please click on the following links to browse the complete list of protein crosslinking products offered in each category: